Physical conditions across a vertical slice of TW Hya at a radius of 30 au (model results from J. K. Calahan et al. 2021). Shown are the H_nuc density (top left), gas (dotted) and dust (dashed) temperature (top right), UV (dotted) and X-ray (dashed) flux (middle left), cosmic-ray (dotted) and X-ray (dashed) ionization rate (middle right), dust-grain fractional abundance (bottom left) and dust-to-gas mass ratio (bottom right), all as a function of z/r (i.e., height divided by radius).