Effects of streaming motion. Left panel: minimum (light blue stars) and average (dark blue dots) halo mass for star formation in minihalos, as a function of streaming velocity (independent of redshift), based on Schauer et al. (2019), for their v0, v1, v2, v3_big simulations. Middle panel: relative number of halos for different streaming velocities, as a function of z, considering all halos with masses larger than M_halo ≥ 4.8 × 10⁵ M_⊙. The solid lines show the raw data, and the dashed lines our redshift dependent linear fits. Right panel: volume fraction as a function of streaming velocity, in units of σ_rms (independent of redshift).