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The Heavy Metal Survey: The Evolution of Stellar Metallicities, Abundance Ratios, and Ages of Massive Quiescent Galaxies since z ∼ 2

  • Authors: Aliza G. Beverage, Mariska Kriek, Katherine A. Suess, Charlie Conroy, Sedona H. Price, Guillermo Barro, Rachel Bezanson, Marijn Franx, Brian Lorenz, Yilun Ma, Lamiya A. Mowla, Imad Pasha, Pieter van Dokkum, Daniel R. Weisz

Aliza G. Beverage et al 2024 The Astrophysical Journal 966 .

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 2.

[Fe/H] (left), [Mg/Fe] (middle), and formation redshift (right) results for the z ∼ 1.4 (blue triangles) and z ∼ 2.1 (green stars) Heavy Metal targets as a function of stellar velocity dispersion. The black solid line shows the σ v  abundance relations of massive quiescent galaxies at z ∼ 0 (Conroy et al. 2014; Beverage et al. 2021), while the black dashed lines denote relations at z ∼ 0.7 (Beverage et al. 2023). We include a quiescent galaxy at z = 2.1 (green square; Kriek et al. 2016), a lensed quiescent galaxy at z = 1.98 (green diamond; Jafariyazani et al. 2020), a stack of quiescent galaxies at 1.0 < z < 1.3 (blue pentagon; Carnall et al. 2022), and two lensed quiescent galaxies at z = 1.016 and z = 1.37 (blue circles; Zhuang et al. 2023). The solid blue line in the left panel represents the best-fit σ v –[Fe/H] with the 16th and 84th percentile uncertainties on the fit shown in light blue. The results from all studies were derived using alf. Quiescent galaxies at z > 0.7 have lower [Fe/H], enhanced [Mg/Fe], and earlier formation times than galaxies at lower redshifts.

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