Image Details
Caption: Figure 11.
Temporal variations in B/P strength, Ps, defined as the maximum value of the median height of the stellar particles relative to the initial value. In our models, Ps increases gradually due to bar formation and enhancement in CMC and bar mass, except for model W00, which undergoes a buckling instability to increase Ps rapidly at ﹩t\sim 3.5\,\mathrm{Gyr}﹩.
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