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HST/GHRS Observations of Cool, Low-gravity Stars. VI. Mass-loss Rates and Wind Parameters for M Giants

  • Authors: Gioia Rau, Krister E. Nielsen, Kenneth G. Carpenter, and Vladimir Airapetian

2018 The Astrophysical Journal 869 1.

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 7.

Schematic representation of the Alfvén wave driven winds in late-type stars. Alfvén waves are generated in cool, evolved stars by direct perturbations of magnetic fields at the wind base due to transverse velocity perturbations, driven by nonlinear sound waves propagating upward from the stellar photosphere into the chromosphere.

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