Impact flux distribution of micrometeoroid on Saturn’s rings at different orbital phases based on Cassini’s measurement. The X–Y plane represents Saturn’s orbital plane, with the −X-direction pointing toward the Sun and the +Y-direction aligned with Saturn’s orbital motion. Panels (a)−(d) show the mass flux distribution on the northern ring plane at orbital phases of 0° (vernal equinox), 90° (summer solstice), 180° (fall equinox), and 270° (winter solstice), respectively. Panels (e)−(h) are the corresponding mass flux on the southern ring plane.