Progression of four example simulated collisions showing materials. Materials and provenance of mass (core—light/dark pink, mantle—purple/dark blue—for target/projectile) in the midplane for the same four example collisions shown in Figures 1 and A2. The number in the upper right of each panel is the simulation time in hours. Plots show the SPH particle positions. A: an accretion collision with a 10⁻³ M_⊕ target, a mass ratio of 10⁻² at 3v_esc, and an impact angle of 30^∘ (b = 0.5). B: a mildly erosive collision with a 1 M_⊕ target, a mass ratio of 0.1 at 5v_esc, and an impact angle of 45^∘ (b = 0.707). C: a hit-and-run collision with a 0.1 M_⊕ target, a mass ratio of 0.5 at 4v_esc, and an impact angle of 60^∘ (b = 0.87). D: an erosive collision with a 0.1 M_⊕ target, a mass ratio of 0.1 at 12v_esc, and an impact angle of 30^∘ (b = 0.5). Note a different scale is used for each collision.