Image Details
Caption: Figure 3.
Heuristic two-barrier phase diagram for AGN jet lifecycles. The horizontal axis shows the dimensionless horizon-threading magnetic flux ϕBH (SANE→MAD); the vertical axis shows the escape parameter Ξenv = ton/tbo, separating confined from escaping jets. Three regimes are schematically indicated: quiescent or weak systems (flux-starved SANE), frustrated or compact sources such as CSO/CSS objects (MAD jets confined by dense environments, Ξenv ≲ 1), and classical large-scale radio galaxies (MAD jets that escape and inflate lobes, Ξenv ≳ 1). Engine power and environmental permeability are independent axes: a jet can be powerful yet remain compact if the circumnuclear gas column is sufficiently high. The diagram classifies known phenomenology into physically motivated regions but does not predict population fractions (see Section 3 for discussion).
© 2026. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.