Image Details
Caption: Figure 3.
Fundamental metallicity relation with two different values of α that minimizes the scatter in ﹩12+\mathrm{log}({\rm{O}}/{\rm{H}})﹩ at z ∼ 0. Our measurements show how combining both [O III] and [O II] auroral lines results in a ∼1.5 dex coverage in μ from direct Te measurements. We find our measurements are in strong agreement with the R. L. Sanders et al. (2021) FMR (right) with only a deviation at μ > 8.7, although still within 1σ errors. The left panel shows the comparison with the M. Curti et al. (2020) FMR, where we find agreement within 1σ but ∼0.07 dex systematically lower ﹩12+\mathrm{log}({\rm{O}}/{\rm{H}})﹩ at fixed μ, which is within the typical uncertainties of strong-line calibrations. Overall, this suggests that the same physical processes regulating star formation, stellar mass buildup, and chemical enrichment at z ∼ 0 are in place at cosmic noon.
© 2026. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.