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The AURORA Survey: The Mass–Metallicity and Fundamental Metallicity Relations at z ∼ 2.3 Based Purely on Direct Te Metallicities

  • Authors: Ali Ahmad Khostovan, Ryan L. Sanders, Alice E. Shapley, Michael W. Topping, Naveen A. Reddy, Alex M. Garcia, Danielle A. Berg, Leonardo Clarke, Fergus Cullen, Richard S. Ellis, N. M. Förster Schreiber, Karl Glazebrook, Tucker Jones, Derek J. McLeod, Anthony J. Pahl, Max Pettini, Paul Torrey

Ali Ahmad Khostovan et al 2026 The Astrophysical Journal Letters 1003 .

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 1.

SFR versus stellar mass for AURORA sources, shown in squares color-coded by redshift. Overlaid are the L. Clarke et al. (2024) and J. S. Speagle et al. (2014) star-forming main-sequence relations based on SFR(hα), where the latter is lowered by 0.32 dex to be consistent with our adopted calibration. Note that the J. S. Speagle et al. (2014) measurement is limited to ﹩{\mathrm{log}}_{10}M/{M}_{\odot }=[9.7,11.1]﹩; however, we extrapolate it to visualize the relative offset from our AURORA sample. Offsets from the L. Clarke et al. (2024) relations are shown in the bottom panel. AURORA sources lie on and above the main sequence, reaching as high as 31 times the typical SFR at fixed mass.

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