Image Details
Caption: Figure 5.
Surface density and eccentricity evolution for the circumbinary disk. Here ed represents the mass-averaged particle eccentricity magnitude and is used as a statistical measure of orbital noncircularity. From top to bottom, the rows show the results for models with (eb = 0, q = 1.92), (eb = 0.2, q = 1.92), (eb = 0.4, q = 1.92), (eb = 0, q = 1.00), and (eb = 0, q = 0.52), respectively (runs 5–9).
© 2026. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.