Image Details
Caption: Figure 8.
Constraints on the sign of ﹩\cos \,i﹩ based on the direction of the (u, v) pattern speed (left), and on the sign of a* based on how much the pattern speed magnitude increases from ρ = 3 to 6Gλ (right). Pattern speed measurements are from videos of MAD, non-edge on models (i ≠ 90∘ left, i ≠ 70∘, 90∘, or 110∘ right) with a 10 tg cadence and a 300 tg duration.
© 2026. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.