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A Benchmark Model for the Sunlit Martian Ionosphere: Structure, Composition, and Energetics

  • Authors: Yanxing Liu, Xiaoshu Wu, Jun Cui, Haoyu Lu, Yutian Cao, Jianyang Li

Yanxing Liu et al 2026 The Astrophysical Journal 1002 .

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 5.

Chemical production and loss channels for selected protonated ion species in the nominal model: (a) HCO+, (b) OH+, (c) H2O+, and (d) H3O+. The format follows that of Figure 4.

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