Spatially resolved SFR as a function of age for the four designated elliptical regions: core (red), ring (orange), outer body (cyan), and outskirts (blue). Shades represent 1σ uncertainties as extracted from the PANCAKE’s metadata bootstrapping results. Note the distinct 13 Gyr onset of the ring population and the sustained, high-level SFR of the outer body, which represents the primary mass-assembly site of the system. The core and outskirts show early declines (∼11.5 Gyr), while the merger-associated regions (ring and outer body) persist until 9 Gyr.