Image Details
Caption: Figure 14.
Nonhierarchical triple systems are unstable, and will eject one component typically after about 100 crossing times (M. Valtonen & S. Mikkola 1991). However, while the ejected body in some cases can escape, it is more common that it is ejected into a bound orbit. This may be a stable orbit, or it may return to trigger another episode of interactions, which leads it to be ejected again. This can occur numerous times before either a stable triple configuration is achieved or the third body escapes. An example of a simulation, shown here for the first 300,000 yr, reveals numerous ejections that all return the third body before it finally escapes (outside the figure) after about 1 Myr (B. Reipurth et al. 2010). The colors indicate extinction from a slowly disappearing cloud core. As the core loses mass, the gravity well weakens, facilitating larger excursions. The dashed line indicates the center of mass of the system.
© 2026. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.