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The Watery Atmosphere of HD 209458 b Revealed by Joint K- and L-band High-resolution Spectroscopy

  • Authors: Luke Finnerty, Julie Inglis, Michael P. Fitzgerald, Daniel Echeverri, Nemanja Jovanovic, Dimitri Mawet, Geoffrey A. Blake, Ashley Baker, Randall Bartos, Benjamin Calvin, Sylvain Cetre, Jacques-Robert Delorme, Greg Doppmann, Katelyn Horstman, Chih-Chun Hsu, Joshua Liberman, Ronald A. López, Evan Morris, Jacklyn Pezzato-Rovner, Jean-Baptiste Ruffio, Ben Sappey, Tobias Schofield, Andrew Skemer, J. Kent Wallace, Nicole L. Wallack, Jason J Wang, 王劲飞, Ji Wang, 王吉, Yinzi Xin, Jerry W. Xuan

Luke Finnerty et al 2025 The Astronomical Journal 170 .

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 1.

Kp–Δvsys plots for the K-band (left), L-band (center), and combined (right) data sets using the maximum-likelihood retrieved planet model. HD 209458 b is weakly detected (SNR ≈ 4) in each band individually, improving to SNR ∼ 5 when both epochs are combined. The SNR is estimated by first median-subtracting each row of the Kp–Δvsys plots, then dividing by the standard deviation of the negative Kp region, which results in a slight offset of the maximum (indicated by a red dot) from the values in Table 2. See L. Finnerty et al. (2024, 2025a) for a more detailed discussion of the issues with estimating noise in Kp–Δvsys plots.

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