Top: distribution of the star–gas misalignment PA, δPA, for BGGs for relaxed/unrelaxed (panel (a₁)), high/low gap (top right panel (a₂)), and low/high offset (bottom right panel (a₃)) groups. Errors are standard deviation (1σ) errors calculated using the bootstrap method. Vertical dotted lines show δPA of 30° and 150° that we used for discriminating between alignment/misalignment (A/MA) and contour rotating (CR) BGGs, respectively. Middle: fraction of misaligned δPA as a function of stellar mass for BGGs, separated into the subsamples (b₁, b₂, b₃) given in the legend. Dashed lines show the median trend for all BGGs in our sample. In each panel, the errors (color-shaded lines) are 1σ confidence intervals on the fractions calculated using the bootstrap method. Along the upper x-axis of the panel (b₁₁), we show the stellar mass distribution of relaxed and unrelaxed in the bins (N_gal) in order to present the statistics in each data point. Inset figure in the left panel (b₁₂) shows the median fraction of misaligned δPA BGGs as a function of stellar mass using the moving average method with standard deviation error, where the axes range is the same as in the main panel. Bottom: Fraction of misaligned δPA as a function of BGGs Sérsic index (c₁, c₂, c₃), n_Sersic, with the same description as given in the middle panel.