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CANDELS: The Contribution of the Observed Galaxy Population to Cosmic Reionization

  • Authors: Steven L. Finkelstein, Casey Papovich, Russell E. Ryan Jr., Andreas H. Pawlik, Mark Dickinson, Henry C. Ferguson, Kristian Finlator, Anton M. Koekemoer, Mauro Giavalisco, Asantha Cooray, James S. Dunlop, Sandy M. Faber, Norman A. Grogin, Dale D. Kocevski, and Jeffrey A. Newman

Finkelstein et al. 2012 The Astrophysical Journal 758 93.

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 3.

Specific luminosity density (ρ UV) vs. redshift, where our observed samples, corrected for incompleteness down to M 1500 <−18, are plotted as the cyan circles. Results from the literature are shown as squares at z = 4, 5, and 6 from the GOODS fields (red; Giavalisco et al. 2004), z = 6 from the HUDF (green; Bunker et al. 2004), z = 7 and 8 from the HUDF (purple; Finkelstein et al. 2010), z = 6 from GOODS+HUDF, and z = 10 from the HUDF (blue; Bouwens et al. 2006, 2011b). All squares have been adjusted to a limiting magnitude of −18 (with the exception of the z = 7 and 8 points, which were not corrected for incompleteness). The inverted triangles denote the integrated luminosity functions down to M lim = −13 of Bouwens et al. (2007) at z = 4, 5, and 6, Bouwens et al. (2011a) at z = 7, Bradley et al. (2012) at z = 8, and Bouwens et al. (2011b) at z = 10, where the gray error bar denotes the uncertainty on these integrated values due to the uncertainty in the Schechter function parameters (particularly the faint-end slope α in the higher redshift bins). The wide gray curves denote the value of ρ UV needed to sustain a fully reionized IGM at a given redshift, for a given ratio of the clumping factor C over the escape fraction of ionizing photons f esc (Madau et al. 1999). The width of these curves represents changing stellar metallicities, from 0.02 < Z/ Z < 1.0. The orange curves show the critical value of ρ UV from the models of Shull et al. (2012), the dashed line denotes an IMF with a slope of −2.35 and an upper-mass cutoff of 200  M , while the solid line denotes an IMF slope of −1.9 with an upper-mass cutoff of 100  M . The right-hand vertical axis shows the corresponding intrinsic number density (i.e., prior to escape) of ionizing photons for a given specific UV luminosity density, using the median of a range of ages and metallicities, and assuming a constant star formation history. This axis can be multiplied by the reader's choice of f esc. The green curve shows the predicted luminosity density for sources brighter than M 1500 = −18 from the hydrodynamic simulations of Finlator et al. (2011).

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