Image Details
Caption: Figure 1.
Schematic definition of the collision angle (β). The total collision angle β is calculated as the sum of the angular misalignments (β1 and β2) of each lobe’s longest principal axis (﹩{\hat{x}}_{1}﹩ and ﹩{\hat{x}}_{2}﹩) relative to the mutual line of centers (r12).
© 2026. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.