Redshift evolution of intrinsic rest-frame J-band surface brightness, μ_J, corrected for dust extinction and cosmological dimming. In each redshift bin, symbols denote the median μ_J, shown as green circles, blue triangles, and red squares from lowest to highest mass bin. The black error bar in the upper-left corner indicates the average 1σ scatter of the distributions across the redshift bins. The error bars on the data points represent the uncertainties of the medians, which are smaller than or comparable to the symbol size. The best-fit relation from Equation (11) for each mass bin is plotted, with parameters given in the legend.