Predicted orbital energy change in the a–e parameter space; r_p increases from the top-left to the bottom-right corner. The panels map the cumulative specific orbital energy change, ΣΔE_orb, after three tidal encounters as a function of the initial orbital semimajor axis a and eccentricity e, for planetary models with a 10 M_⊕ (upper panel) and a 20 M_⊕ (lower panel) core. The color indicates the net energy change (red: increase; blue: decrease). The yellow, green, and black shaded regions mark orbits that would be ejected after one, two, and three encounters, respectively. The red dashed line denotes the stellar collision boundary (r_p = 0.005 au). The black dashed line at r_p/r_t = 2.7 indicates the critical disruption zone identified in previous coreless models.