Time–latitude profile of variations in the residual meridional flow at two depths, 0.99R_⊙ and 0.95R_⊙, respectively, are in panels (A) and (B). Positive values correspond to poleward flow in both hemispheres. Corresponding time–latitude variations in the longitudinally averaged signed (i.e., the magnetic butterfly diagram) and unsigned magnetic field are in the lower panels (C) and (D), respectively. The solid line overplotted in panel (D) marks the mean latitude, θ_m, of peak magnetic flux in each hemisphere, and the dotted–dashed lines in panels (A), (B), and (D) enclose the region 10°– 25° away from θ_m. The two vertical dotted lines mark epochs of solar cycle 24 maximum (2014) and minimum (2020). Sunspot locations are overplotted as black dots.