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Discovery of a z ≃ 4.9 Lyα Emitter Protocluster: Wavelength-dependent Environmental Effects on Galaxy Structure

  • Authors: Ronaldo Laishram, Yusei Koyama, Haruka Kusakabe, Satoshi Kikuta, Shunta Shimizu, Tadayuki Kodama

Ronaldo Laishram et al 2026 The Astrophysical Journal Letters 1002 .

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 1.

Overdensity map of NB718 LAEs at z = 4.90 revealing a large-scale protocluster structure (the Loktak protocluster) within the 0.54 deg2 COSMOS-Web survey area. The background shows the KDE-smoothed density field (color bar: δ), with warmer colors indicating higher overdensity. Contour lines trace overdensity levels at δ = 2 (magenta), δ = 5 (green), δ = 8 (blue), and δ = 10 (black). Individual LAE positions are shown as white open circles. Spectroscopically confirmed galaxies at z ≃ 4.9 are marked as green stars, while those cross-matched with our LAE sample (within 0﹩\mathop{.}\limits{^{\prime\prime} }﹩5) are further highlighted with red open circles overlaid on the stars. The structure exhibits a prominent primary peak (fourfold surface density enhancement within 1.5 pMpc radius), along with three additional significant peaks at distances of 7.6, 6.0, and 11.1 pMpc from the center, forming an interconnected protocluster complex spanning ∼65 × 36 cMpc2, characteristic of large-scale structures at this epoch.

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