Image Details
Caption: Figure 5.
Same as Figure 3, but for the unsteady loop top at t = 138 s, perturbed by a plasmoid collision. In contrast to the quasi-steady case, the outward plasma flow (d) now aligns with the magnetic field gradient (e), leading to positive betatron acceleration (f). Black boxes mark the selected electron trajectory regions from Figure 4.
© 2026. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.