Overview of the feature extraction modules. The upper part shows the spectral Feature Extraction Module based on MSPC-Net, optimized for spectral data. The lower-left part illustrates the two-dimensional adaptation of the MSPC module for photometric images with kernel sizes of 3 × 3, 9 × 9, and 15 × 15 and a stride of 2. The lower-right panel shows the four-layer fully connected neural network for photometric magnitudes (four from WISE and five from SDSS).