Inner and outer working angles at various wavelengths (horizontal lines), for a 10 m telescope with an IWA of 3λ/D and an OWA of 10λ/D. Hatched regions represent where an exoplanet would be unobscured. The angular projected separation for an Earth twin, as a function of distance, is shown by the gray region. Targets are only visible at a given wavelength if the gray swath intersects that wavelength’s working angle box. The hatched regions have little to no overlap, meaning that no planets can be simultaneously imaged from 0.4 to 2.5 μm, and a full spectrum can only be stitched together for the very nearest and most inclined planets. Because the x-axis is scaled to constant volume per centimeter, this demonstrates that the vast majority of Earth twins have too tight a projected angular separation for longwave characterization.