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Plasma Heating and Energization in Hot-onset Flare Precursor Events

  • Authors: H. Da, J. F. Drake, M. Swisdak

H. Da et al 2026 The Astrophysical Journal Letters 1009 .

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 4.

(a) The average temperature of electrons and protons within the outermost magnetic separatrix versus time. (b) The number fraction of electrons and protons that have energy exceeding 3 times the late-time peak thermal energy of the bulk plasma (the last data point in (a) for each of the two species). (c) The emission measure, which is integrated over the hot electrons within the outermost magnetic separatrix. The dashed lines are drawn at the four times shown in Figure 2.

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