Image Details
Caption: Figure 4.
The present-day averaged energy budget inferred using either a second-order (solid orange lines) or fourth-order (purple dashed lines) finite-difference scheme for computing the PV gradients. Each panel shows a specific ﹩{{\rm{\Omega }}}_{i}^{{ \mathcal D },0}﹩ parameter: ﹩{{\rm{\Omega }}}_{{ \mathcal Q }}^{{ \mathcal D },0}﹩, ﹩{{\rm{\Omega }}}_{{ \mathcal R }}^{{ \mathcal D },0}﹩, ﹩{{\rm{\Omega }}}_{M}^{{ \mathcal D },0}﹩, and ﹩{{\rm{\Omega }}}_{{\rm{\Lambda }}}^{{ \mathcal D },0}﹩, respectively, from left to right and top to bottom.
© 2026. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.