Image Details
Caption: Figure 4.
Time evolution of e and Porb for 1 M⊙ + 1 M⊙ binaries over a grid of initial orbital periods and initial eccentricities, with our fiducial tides model (top panel) and the Z77 tides model (bottom panel). Each binary is initiated at a grid point, and the colors depict the age of each simulation snapshot in years. The binaries are only evolved up to their MS lifetimes (approximately 10 Gyr) in this section.
© 2026. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.