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Spin–Orbit Alignment of Two Neptune-size Planets Younger Than 500 Myr: TOI-560 b and TOI-5082 b

  • Authors: Elina Y. Zhang, Fei Dai, Andrew W. Howard, Samuel P. Halverson, Howard Isaacson, Ryan A. Rubenzahl, Huan-Yu Teng, Xian-Yu Wang, Songhu Wang, Daniel Hey, Daniel Huber, Benjamin J. Fulton, Jack Lubin, Luke B. Handley, Steven Giacalone, Erik A. Petigura, Lauren M. Weiss, Aaron Householder, Casey Y. Lam, Judah Van Zandt, Steve R. Gibson, Kodi Rider, Arpita Roy, Ashley Baker, Jerry Edelstein, Christopher L. Smith, Josh Walawender, Joshua N. Winn

Elina Y. Zhang et al 2026 The Astronomical Journal 172 .

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 4.

Sky-projected obliquity (∣λ∣) as a function of stellar age for systems younger than 1 Gyr. Systems with well-constrained ages (fractional uncertainty ≤ 30%) are shown in purple, while those with poorly constrained ages (>30%) are shown in gray. Planets with radii Rp < 6 R or masses Mp < 30 M are highlighted with red-edged markers and labeled individually. The Kozai–Lidov and secular-interaction contours are adapted from G. Zhou et al. (2020), where Kozai interactions can occur over 104–108 yr and secular interactions may take over hundreds of megayears. The blue-shaded region highlights the regime in which tidal evolution is expected to become important. Giant planets with strong misalignment (∣λ∣ > 50°) are also labeled. Our targets, TOI-560 b (yellow) and TOI-5082 b (green), are highlighted for comparison.

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