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Spin–Orbit Alignment of Two Neptune-size Planets Younger Than 500 Myr: TOI-560 b and TOI-5082 b

  • Authors: Elina Y. Zhang, Fei Dai, Andrew W. Howard, Samuel P. Halverson, Howard Isaacson, Ryan A. Rubenzahl, Huan-Yu Teng, Xian-Yu Wang, Songhu Wang, Daniel Hey, Daniel Huber, Benjamin J. Fulton, Jack Lubin, Luke B. Handley, Steven Giacalone, Erik A. Petigura, Lauren M. Weiss, Aaron Householder, Casey Y. Lam, Judah Van Zandt, Steve R. Gibson, Kodi Rider, Arpita Roy, Ashley Baker, Jerry Edelstein, Christopher L. Smith, Josh Walawender, Joshua N. Winn

Elina Y. Zhang et al 2026 The Astronomical Journal 172 .

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 3.

Marginalized and joint posterior distributions of ﹩\cos {i}_{\star }﹩, the sky-projected obliquity λ, the orbital inclination ip, and the true three-dimensional obliquity ψ for TOI-560 b (left) and TOI-5082 b (right). The λ and ip samples are drawn from the joint allesfitter nested-sampling posterior, preserving their covariance, while the ﹩\cos {i}_{\star }﹩ posterior is inferred independently from the stellar radius, rotation period, and projected rotation velocity. The degeneracy between i and 180° − i is incorporated by assigning equal probability to the two signs of ﹩\cos {i}_{\star }﹩. The dark and light shaded contours enclose 68% and 95% of the two-dimensional posterior probability, respectively. The red dashed lines mark the one-sided 95% credible upper limits, ψ < 69﹩\mathop{.}\limits^{{\unicode{x000b0}}}﹩7 for TOI-560 b and ψ < 50﹩\mathop{.}\limits^{{\unicode{x000b0}}}﹩5 for TOI-5082 b.

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