Image Details
Caption: Figure 10.
Orbital evolution of the TOI-1232 system for a 1000 yr–long N-body integration using Wisdom–Holman scheme. From top to bottom: panel (1): evolution of the planetary semimajor axes ab and ac. Panel (2): evolution of the apsidal alignment angle Δϖ = ϖb − ϖc. Panel (3): evolution of the planetary eccentricities eb and ec. Panel (4): evolution of the period ratio Pc/Pb. Panel (5): evolution of the angle θ1. The system TOI-1232 is outside of the 2:1 MMR, as no libration in any of the resonance angles is observed and the mean period evolution is osculating significantly above the 2:1 period ratio.
© 2026. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.