Normalized solar spectrum and V filter profile (a), denormalized flux and V filter spectra (b), and the convoluted spectrum of the Sun (c). Dividing the area under the convoluted spectrum by ﹩\sigma {T}_{{\rm{eff}}}^{4}(\odot )﹩ gives solar L_V/L = 10.49% or 10.19% for the M. S. Bessell (1990) and the A. U. Landolt (1992) profile functions, respectively.