Surface temperature (shading, ﹩{\rm{K}}﹩) and horizontal wind vectors in the upper troposphere (﹩250\,\mathrm{hPa}﹩ level) in the (left column panels) Trappist-1e case and (right column) Proxima b case in (a) and (b) MassFlux, and (c)–(f) sensitivity simulations. The surface temperature in (c) and (d) Adjust, and (e) and (f) NoCnvPm simulations is shown as the difference relative to the MassFlux simulation.