Upper panels: the contour plots for the solution space of α and (β + γ) pairs for the fitting of modeled altitude distribution to radar measurements for the case of L = 5. The reciprocal of the sum of squared residuals for the coefficients are shown. Lower panels: a comparison of the modeled altitude distributions to the actual measurements (black lines) with two different sets of fitting coefficients. The blue dotted lines represent optimal fits, and the red lines represent fits in which a larger (for UHF radars) and smaller (for the MU radar) contribution of JFCs are used (see text for details).