Modeled solar-wind fluence at the surface over one lunar day as a function of latitude and longitude (D. M. Hurley & W. M. Farrell 2013; B. W. Denevi et al. 2023). The poles receive lower solar-wind fluences than the equator due to the higher SZA at high latitudes, which reduces direct access of particles to the surface. The nearside receives a lower solar-wind fluence than the farside due to the Moon’s tidally locked orbit, which results in the nearside spending most of the illuminated portion of a lunar day within Earth’s magnetotail.