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Mass-ratio Reversal as an Alternative to Hierarchical Mergers for GW241011

  • Authors: Rui-Chong Hu, Ying Qin, Bing Zhang

Rui-Chong Hu et al 2026 The Astrophysical Journal Letters 1009 .

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 1.

Representative evolutionary pathway of the MRR channel leading to the formation of a GW241011-like event with χ1 = 0.74. The system undergoes stable Roche-lobe overflow initiated by the initially more massive star, resulting in MRR. The initially less massive star later initiates a CE phase, whose ejection dramatically reduces the orbital separation. Following the CE phase, strong tidal interactions spin up the He-star progenitor of the second-born BH. The subsequent core collapse gives rise to a rapidly rotating BH, and the resulting BBH merges via gravitational-wave emission after a delay time of 99.7 Myr. The underlying population adopts the fiducial mass-transfer prescription, lognormally distributed natal kicks with (μ = 5.6) and (σ = 0.68), and αCE = 5.

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