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The Extreme Space Weather Event in 1903 October/November: An Outburst from the Quiet Sun

  • Authors: Hisashi Hayakawa, Paulo Ribeiro, José M. Vaquero, María Cruz Gallego, Delores J. Knipp, Florian Mekhaldi, Ankush Bhaskar, Denny M. Oliveira, Yuta Notsu, Víctor M. S. Carrasco, Ana Caccavari, Bhaskara Veenadhari, Shyamoli Mukherjee, and Yusuke Ebihara

2020 The Astrophysical Journal Letters 897 L10.

  • Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 1.

Top panel: monthly (black color) and monthly smoothed (green color) sunspot number (version 2; see Clette & Lefévre 2016). The vertical red line indicates the year 1903, when this study case occurred. Bottom panel: photograph of the Sun at 10.4 UT on 1903 October 31, taken at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, UK, derived from Maunder (1903).

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