Consistency check of HELIOS by examining the temperature–pressure profiles (left panel) and synthetic spectra (right panel) in the idealized limits of scattering: ﹩{g}_{0}=0﹩ (isotropic scattering), ﹩{g}_{0}=0.5﹩ (forward scattering), and ﹩{g}_{0}=-0.5﹩ (backward scattering). For illustration, we set ﹩{\omega }_{0}=0.5﹩. Both the single-scattering albedo (﹩{\omega }_{0}﹩) and scattering asymmetry factor (g₀) are assumed to be constant across wavelength, but we note that the two-stream solutions we implemented allow for them to generally be specified as functions of wavelength, temperature, and pressure. The qualitative trends associated with the temperature–pressure profiles and synthetic spectra are consistent with physical expectations (see text).