Image Details
Caption: Figure 4.
N/O, C/O, and Ne/O number ratios for five select models in the mass range of 1000–10,000 M⊙ Pop III stars. Top: 10% mass loss. Center: 50% mass loss. Bottom: loss of all the mass above the CO core. The green, yellow, and brown stars indicate ratios for GS 3073, CEERS 1019, and GN-z11, respectively. The dilution factor is the mass of the gas contaminated by outflows from the star divided by the mass of the outflow. Outliers appear only in the “CO core” case (bottom panel), where the mass cut can intersect the narrow N-rich/O-poor layer immediately outside the core; the 10% and 50% fixed fraction cases average over this gradient and exhibit much smaller scatter.
© 2025. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.