Image Details
Caption: Figure 10.
Dependence of curvature-drift energization and other contributions on δB0/B0. (a) Pdfs of ΔWc/γ0mic2 accumulated over Δt = 0.5 lc/c starting at t0 = 2 lc/c, from particles with γ0 ∈ (3, 8). (b)–(d) Pdfs of the ratios vc/v∇B, vc/vp, and ∣qE⊥ · vc∣/∣μM∂t(B/γE)/γ∣, respectively, obtained from the tracked particles.
© 2025. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.