Schematic of a two-level receive optical collector decomposition. (a) The replicated apertures independently log photon detection events, and in a post-processing stage the aggregate events are processed to recover the scientific data originating from multiple probes. (b1) Each aperture is composed of a set of phased elements with a combiner including precision phase shifts feeding a single optical detector. (b2) A degenerate case is an aperture composed of a single element. (c) Each element is an optical element (composed of lenses, reflectors, or thin films).