The complete figure set (155 images) is available in the online journal.
Outflow wing selection: using spectra of 13CO (gray solid line) and C18O (gray dashed line) for the ATLASGAL clumps. Blue and red wing identification process: (a) scaling the C18O spectrum to the 13CO peak, shown as a red dashed–dotted line; (b) fitting a Gaussian to the scaled C18O, shown by a blue dotted line; (c) obtaining 13CO residual spectra (black solid line) by subtracting the Gaussian fit to the scaled C18O (red dashed–dotted) from 13CO (gray solid line); (d) blue and red wings, shown as red crosses, can be determined from where the 13CO residuals are larger than the 3σ line, where σ is the noise level of the emission-free spectrum. The outflow wing selection toward ATLASGAL clumps in the 13CO profile shows clear evidence of self-absorption as follows. First, a Gaussian is fit to the shoulders of 13CO spectra, and the fitted Gaussian is used as the true peak temperature of the 13CO. Then, the above procedures (a)–(d) are followed. Outflow mapping: integrated intensity image (15 × 15) of the blue and red wings centered on the white cross at the ATLASGAL clump. Grayscale images show 13CO integrated emission, with blue wings (blue solid line) and red wings (red dashed lines). The blue and red wing emissions are obtained by integrating the velocity ranges of the blue wing and red wing, respectively, for each clump. Red and blue contours have been divided by 5/6 levels with a starting value of 3σ or 30% of maximum intensity and an ending value of 95% of maximum intensity with units of K km s−1. White contours show emission from 870 μm ATLASGAL. The beam of CHIMPS (15'') is shown by the hatched black circle presented in the lower left of each image.