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Cosmic-Ray Ionization Rate in Protoplanetary Disks with Sheared Magnetic Fields

• Authors: Yuri I. Fujii, Shigeo S. Kimura

Yuri I. Fujii and Shigeo S. Kimura 2022 The Astrophysical Journal Letters 937 .

• Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 3.

Top panel: the radial distribution of ionization rate, at 2H from the midplane based on the new estimate of the cosmic-ray ionization rate (solid green) with ζ ISM = 3 × 10−16 s−1 using the effective column density along the elongated path, together with the contribution of X-ray (orange) and short-lived radionuclides (SLR; pink), is displayed with the thick blue curve. The conventional estimate of ζ CR based on ζ ISM = 10−17 s−1 with Γdetour = 1 (the dotted green line) makes up the thin blue curve of the conventional ionization rate. Middle panel: the same as with the top panel, but for the midplane of the disk. The dashed pink line is the ionization rate of the long-lived radionuclides (LLR). Bottom panel: the total ionization rate at z = 3H, 2H, 1H, and midplane using the cosmic-ray ionization rate of this work. The case with the absence of SLR and the estimate using the conventional cosmic-ray ionization rate are plotted in light blue and gray, respectively. The x-axis in each plot starts from 10 au.