Top row: deconvolved (retrieved) zonal wind speed profiles (v(ϕ)) for each molecule, obtained in 2016 (red dashed curve) and 2017 (blue solid curve). The thermospheric model prediction of Müller-Wodarg et al. (2008) (vmax = 60 m s−1) is also shown (green dotted–dashed curve), with Gaussian FWHM adopted from the 2016 HNC profile. Bottom row: corresponding jet instability analysis for each altitude and epoch, using the Rayleigh-Kuo criteria (β−Uyy).