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Analysis of Small-scale Magnetic Flux Ropes Covering the Whole Ulysses Mission

• Authors: Yu Chen, Qiang Hu, and Jakobus A. le Roux

2019 The Astrophysical Journal 881 58.

• Provider: AAS Journals

Caption: Figure 1.

Monthly averages of SFR characteristics from 1991 to the middle of 2009, spanning the whole Ulysses mission. From the top to the bottom panels: (1) the average magnetic field magnitude and average Alfvén speed. (2) The average solar wind speed. (3) The average proton temperature Tsmall and number density Np. (4) The plasma proton β, i.e., the ratio of thermal pressure to magnetic pressure. (5) The Alfvén Mach number, defined as the ratio of the remaining flow speed to the Alfvén speed. The left y-axis takes the average calculation before determining the Mach number while the right y-axis is its average value. (6) Walén slope. (7) Hourly merged orbit data in terms of the heliocentric distance and Heliographic Inertial (HGI) latitude for the whole Ulysses mission. All average values are calculated within each flux rope interval and averaged over one month. The solid curves correspond to quantities with labels and scales given by the left axis, while the dotted curves have labels and scales given by the right axis. The gray shaded areas denote the Ulysses orbital periods with HGI latitude beyond ±30°.