Top: comparison of structural-model predictions for central velocity dispersion with observations from Larsen et al. (2002). The dashed line is the line of equality; the dot–dashed line is the mean ratio σobs/σpred = 0.91. Bottom: comparison of dynamical and population-synthesis-derived mass-to-light ratios. The dashed line is the line of equality; the dot–dashed line is the mean ratio ﹩\Upsilon _{V}^{{\rm dyn}}/\Upsilon _{V}^{{\rm pop}}=0.84﹩.